![]() ![]() Larynx: an enlarged structure on the trachea.Locate and understand the functions of the following structures: Carefully separate the muscles to observe the underlying structures. Cut midline on the ventral surface of the neck to expose the underlying muscles. The more you cut things up, the harder it will be to figure out what you’re looking at. ![]() Once you open the body cavity, you will generally be able to separate the different organs by simply pulling them apart with your fingers, forceps, or a probe. Using the diagram to the right begin your dissection in the neck region. How many toes are on the feet? _ Do they have an odd or even number of toes? _ The pharynx (throat) is the cavity in the back of the mouth – it is the junction for food (esophagus) and air (trachea).Ĥ. Once you do this locate the epiglottis, a cone-shaped structure at the back of the mouth, a flap of skin helps to cover the trachea when a pig swallows. You, essentially, must break the jaw, and it will make a cracking sound. This can be difficult and requires some force. To access the following structures, you will have to cut down either side of the jaw and pry the jaw down.Locate the esophagus at the back of the mouth. Note the taste buds (also known as sensory papillae) on the side of the tongue.Can you feel your own hard and soft palates with your tongue? Open the pig’s mouth and locate the hard and soft palate on the roof of the mouth. *label the sides on the pig picture above*ģ. Distal: farther from a point of reference.Proximal: close to a point of reference.Lateral: toward the outside of the body.Medial: toward the midline or middle of the body.In addition, you’ll need to know the following terms: Make sure you are familiar with anatomical terms of reference: anterior ( front), posterior (back), dorsal (above), ventral (below). Females: Look for the urogenital papilla (a nipple-looking structure), located just below the anus.Īlso, both males and females have nipples, just as in humans.Ģ.The testes are still deep inside the body cavity they don't descend into the scrotal sac until later. The scrotal sac may be visible as a swelling just ventral to the anus, depending on the age of the fetus. Males: The urogenital opening is located near the umbilicus the penis is hidden inside.Before you start dissecting, examine the outside of the pig and determine its sex. Please keep that in mind as you are working.ġ. These organisms were euthanized so that we might have a wonderful opportunity to learn something greater about the living world. How do they work?! Also, please do these dissections respectfully. You must think about the function of these structures. Also, merely identifying structures is insufficient to develop fully an appreciation for how these structures work. This care will help you to preserve structures for the next several weeks and will make review easier. It is important to take your time carefully and to think about what you are doing. Dissection should be done thoughtfully and respectfully. What sort of dissection experiences do you already have? As you begin this sequence of dissections, please keep in mind several things. \)ĭissection is a powerful tool that provides us a profound understanding of our own anatomy and physiology as living, breathing creatures and also helps us to develop a stronger understanding of evolutionary relationships between taxonomic groups. ![]()
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